早起鳥(niǎo)還是夜貓子？工作時(shí)間適應(yīng)生物鐘使人更高效

按照生物節(jié)律，人們可以被分成兩類(lèi)：早上容易興奮的人和晚上容易興奮的人，也就是“早起鳥(niǎo)”和“夜貓子”。“早起鳥(niǎo)”在早上的自控力更高，而“夜貓子”的黃金時(shí)間則在晚上。想要員工工作效率更高的老板們，是時(shí)候調(diào)整一下每位員工的工作時(shí)間了。

If you're not a morning person, chances are you've tried arguing with your boss to try and start work later.
如果你不喜歡早起，那么你可能試著和老板爭(zhēng)論過(guò)，想要每天晚些開(kāi)始工作。

And now, new research has confirmed your long-held belief. You really would be better off having some extra time in bed.
而現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新研究證實(shí)了你一直以來(lái)的信念。早上多睡一會(huì)兒確實(shí)讓你狀態(tài)更好。

Bosses would have much more productive employees if they were allowed to do their job during their peak hours, scientists suggest.
科學(xué)家表示，如果老板允許員工在各自的“高峰時(shí)間”工作，員工的工作效率會(huì)提高不少。

This depends on what time someone functions best at, be it a morning person or a so-called 'night owl', according to University of Sydney researchers.
悉尼大學(xué)的研究人員稱(chēng)，這取決于人們?cè)谑裁磿r(shí)間更有活力，是喜歡早起的人，還是“夜貓子”。

Study author Stefan Volk told the Sydney Morning Herald that making work flexible to each person's body clock would be more efficient.
研究報(bào)告的作者斯蒂芬-沃爾克告訴《悉尼先驅(qū)晨報(bào)》，讓工作靈活適應(yīng)人體的生物鐘規(guī)律會(huì)讓人更高效。

He said: 'These physiological differences matter a lot in the work context and we have to understand how it affects teams.
他說(shuō)：“在工作環(huán)境中，這些生理差異非常重要，我們要明白它對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)有怎樣的影響。”

'When people are different, it can be positive or negative depending on the specific task they are performing.
“當(dāng)人們的生物鐘有差異時(shí)，這對(duì)人們的影響是積極還是消極，取決于他們所從事的特定工作任務(wù)。”

'If members of a surgical team are different chronotypes, that is not ideal.'
“如果外科團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員睡眠類(lèi)型有差異，那就不太妙了。”

Circadian rhythm, also known as the internal body clock, control everyone's periods of activity and rest.
生理節(jié)律也稱(chēng)為體內(nèi)生物鐘，控制著每個(gè)人活躍和休息的周期。

The researchers used this information to determine the 'chronotype diversity' of the volunteers in the study.
研究人員利用這一信息來(lái)確定研究中受試者的“睡眠類(lèi)型多樣性”。

They noted how the productivity levels of the workers were completely dependent on this.
他們注意到，員工的工作效率水平完全取決于此。

In their study, they came across three types of employees, suited best to either morning, evening or intermediate shifts.
在研究中，他們遇到了三種類(lèi)型的員工，分別在早晨、晚間或者中間時(shí)段狀態(tài)最佳。

The latter were defined as those whose work output reached maximum levels at around midday. After assessing how this affects the performance of a team, they found it to have negative effects in a workplace.
中間時(shí)段指的是工作成效在午間達(dá)到高峰的人。在評(píng)估了這如何影響團(tuán)隊(duì)表現(xiàn)之后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這在工作場(chǎng)所也有負(fù)面影響。

Mismatched circadian rhythms were noted to affect coordination, potentially dangerous for those who work in teams, such as surgeons.
他們注意到，不匹配的晝夜節(jié)律會(huì)影響工作配合，對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員可能有危險(xiǎn)，比如，外科醫(yī)生。

However, in some occupations, where sustained attention is required, it could be beneficial for employees.
然而在一些需要持續(xù)集中注意力的職業(yè)中，這種配合可能對(duì)員工非常有利。

The findings were published in the journal the Academy of Management Review.
這項(xiàng)研究成果發(fā)表在《管理學(xué)會(huì)評(píng)審》期刊上。

英文來(lái)源：每日郵報(bào)
翻譯&編審：yaning