Animal and plant resources are quite rich in Anhui, including 3000 unique plants, 500 wild animals and 54 national key protected animals, especially the Yangtze alligator and the white flag dolphin.

Among the four traditional writing and painting treasures are brushes, inks, papers and ink stones, including rice paper, xuan writing brushes and Hui ink and ink stones. Other famous crafts include Wuhu iron painting, Fengyang painting, Jieshou ceramics, Huizhou lacquer and bamboo weaving.

Anhui also provides many unique food and agricultural products, including Huizhou pear, Santan loquat, kiwi fruit and jujube; hilsa herring, white bait and crab; and Sunbu yellow wine, Bagongshan tofu and Grandma melon.

Medical materials from mountainous Anhui include tribute chrysanthemum, poria and polygonum.