新型教學(xué)模式“翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂”

我們上學(xué)的時(shí)候，一般都是老師上課講課文和知識(shí)點(diǎn)，然后布置課后作業(yè)讓我們做針對(duì)性的練習(xí)。現(xiàn)在，美國(guó)一些地方的學(xué)校推出了跟這種傳統(tǒng)模式完全相反的教學(xué)方式，新內(nèi)容和知識(shí)點(diǎn)全部讓學(xué)生在家里跟著教學(xué)視頻自學(xué)，課堂時(shí)間主要用來(lái)做針對(duì)性練習(xí)，老師的主要任務(wù)是答疑和輔導(dǎo)。這種新的教學(xué)模式就叫flipped classroom（翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂）。

Flipped classroom (or flip teaching) is a form of blended learning in which students learn new content online by watching video lectures, usually at home, and what used to be homework (assigned problems) is now done in class with teacher offering more personalized guidance and interaction with students, instead of lecturing. This is also known as backwards classroom, reverse instruction.

翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂（或翻轉(zhuǎn)教學(xué)）是一種學(xué)生自學(xué)和老師輔導(dǎo)相結(jié)合的學(xué)習(xí)模式，學(xué)生在家觀看教學(xué)視頻學(xué)習(xí)新的知識(shí)，而原來(lái)需要帶回家做的作業(yè)則改為在課堂上進(jìn)行，老師的主要任務(wù)不是講授，而是對(duì)學(xué)生提供更多有針對(duì)性的輔導(dǎo)，同時(shí)學(xué)生之間還能有更多的交流。因此，這種教學(xué)模式也叫做反向課堂、反向指導(dǎo)等。

The traditional pattern of teaching has been to assign students to read textbooks and work on problem sets outside school, while listening to lectures and taking test in class.

傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)模式是，學(xué)生課后要看課本、做練習(xí)冊(cè)，在學(xué)校時(shí)聽(tīng)老師講課、參加考試。

In flip teaching, the students first study the topic by themselves, typically using video lessons prepared by the teacher. In class students apply the knowledge by solving problems and doing practical work. The teacher tutors the students when they become stuck, rather than imparting the initial lesson in person. Complementary techniques include differentiated instruction and project-based learning.

在翻轉(zhuǎn)教學(xué)中，學(xué)生先通過(guò)老師制作的教學(xué)視頻自學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，到了課堂上，學(xué)生用學(xué)到的知識(shí)解決問(wèn)題、做一些實(shí)踐性的練習(xí)。在學(xué)生遇到困難時(shí)，老師會(huì)進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，而不是當(dāng)場(chǎng)授課。輔助性的手段有：針對(duì)不同學(xué)生進(jìn)行區(qū)別化指導(dǎo)，以及項(xiàng)目式學(xué)習(xí)。

Flipped classrooms free class time for hands-on work. Students learn by doing and asking questions. Students can also help each other, a process that benefits both the advanced and less advanced learners. (Source: Wikipedia)

翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂將更多課堂時(shí)間給了實(shí)際操作性的任務(wù)。學(xué)生通過(guò)實(shí)踐和問(wèn)問(wèn)題達(dá)到學(xué)習(xí)的目的，他們可以互相幫助。這是一個(gè)讓快進(jìn)生和慢進(jìn)生都能獲益的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。

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