人民代表大會制度和全國人民代表大會

??? 人民代表大會制度是中國的根本政治制度，是國家的政體。
??? The people's congress system is the fundamental political system of the People's Republic of China (PRC), and the system of government of the country.

??? 人民代表大會制度是體現(xiàn)我國“一切權(quán)力屬于人民”這一社會主義民主實質(zhì)的根本制度。
??? The system most directly reflects the nature of the PRC, indicating the status of the Chinese people of various ethnic groups as masters in the country's political life.

??? 人民代表大會是人民行使國家權(quán)力的最高機構(gòu)。
??? The NPC is the highest institution through which the Chinese people exercise their state power.

1953年，中國基層政權(quán)在普選的基礎上，逐級召開了人民代表大會。1954年9月召開了第一屆全國人民代表大會，標志著以人民代表大會為基礎的國家政權(quán)制度全面確立，國家權(quán)力開始由人民選舉產(chǎn)生的人民代表大會統(tǒng)一行使。
??? In 1953, China held people's congresses at different levels. In1954, the First National People's Congress (NPC) was convened, marking the establishment of the people's congress system in China.

??? 全國人民代表大會制定和修改憲法并監(jiān)督其實施；制定和修改國家基本法律和其他法律。選舉全國人民代表大會常務委員會的組成人員；選舉中華人民共和國主席、副主席；根據(jù)中華人民共和國主席的提名，決定國務院總理的人選；根據(jù)國務院總理的提名，決定國務院其他組成人員的人選；選舉中央軍事委員會主席；根據(jù)中央軍事委員會主席的提名，決定中央軍委其他組成人員的人選；選舉最高人民法院院長；選舉最高人民檢察院檢察長。對以上人員，全國人民代表大會都有權(quán)予以罷免。根據(jù)憲法和法律監(jiān)督政府工作；審查和決定基礎的、長期的、重要的國家事務。
??? The NPC exercises legislative power, amends the Constitution and supervises its enforcement, formulates and amends basic statutes and other laws; elects and decides on the leading personnel of state-level administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military bodies, and has the right to recall them; supervises government work in accordance with the Constitution and laws; and examines and decides on the fundamental, long-term and key issues of the state.

??? 所有行政、司法、檢察及軍事機構(gòu)和國家級機關(guān)均向全國人大負責并受其監(jiān)督。
??? All administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military organs and other state-level institutions are responsible to the NPC and supervised by it.

(來源：中國網(wǎng)，編輯 Helen)