Hijack, Hijacking 劫持（動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)名詞）

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Li: 大家好我是楊莉。歡迎收聽(tīng)《你問(wèn)我答》節(jié)目。今天的問(wèn)題來(lái)自 Wu Yi，請(qǐng)我的同事Carol 代讀。

Question

Can ‘hijacking’ and ‘hijack’ both mean forcefully taking over a plane? What’s the difference?

Li: Wu Yi 想知道 ‘hijacking’ 和 ‘hijack’ 這兩個(gè)詞是不是都表示劫持這個(gè)意思。最好我們永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)遇到被劫持的事情，Wu Yi 你說(shuō)呢？ 不過(guò)回答你的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題，是的，這兩個(gè)詞的意思都是劫持。兩者的區(qū)別在于詞性不同，一個(gè)是動(dòng)名詞，一個(gè)是動(dòng)詞。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)一段想象的新聞標(biāo)題：

Example

And news just in: a passenger plane has been hijacked. Unconfirmed reports suggest several people have been injured.

Li: A passenger plane has been hijacked. 一架客機(jī)被劫持。在這句話里 hijacked是動(dòng)詞，是和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)連用的過(guò)去分詞。被劫持了或遭到劫持。Hijack 是動(dòng)詞原形，它的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是 hijacked. 我們?cè)俾?tīng)一遍:

Example

And news just in: a passenger plane has been hijacked. Unconfirmed reports suggest several people have been injured.

Li: 非常戲劇性的新聞！下面是同一個(gè)故事的跟蹤報(bào)道。

Example

And now an update on the London hijacking: Three people are confirmed dead.

Li: The London hijacking. 有關(guān)倫敦劫持事件的最新進(jìn)展。單詞 ‘hijacking’ 在此處是作為一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞來(lái)使用的。我們?cè)俾?tīng)一遍：

Example

And now an update on the London hijacking: Three people are confirmed dead.

Li: 在英語(yǔ)里人們經(jīng)常在一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的后面加上 ‘i-n-g’ 使之成為一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞。比如動(dòng)詞shoot 射擊、槍擊，如果后面加上 i-n-g 詞性就變了，變成了一個(gè)名詞，請(qǐng)聽(tīng)下面這一段。

Example

It’s believed the hijackers have threatened to shoot the passengers if their demands are not met. But the army has moved in - and we can hear the sounds of shooting!

[Gunshots]

Li: 這里我們聽(tīng)到了動(dòng)詞 ‘shoot’, 還有動(dòng)名詞 shooting. 你聽(tīng)沒(méi)聽(tīng)到另一個(gè)詞 hijackers劫持者? 我們?cè)俾?tīng)一遍：

Example

It’s believed the hijackers have threatened to shoot the passengers if their demands are not met. But the army has moved in - and we can hear the sounds of shooting!

[Gunshots]

Li: 好了，請(qǐng)大家不要緊張，因?yàn)閯偛湃翘摌?gòu)的報(bào)道。不過(guò)希望你已經(jīng)對(duì) hijack 這個(gè)詞的幾個(gè)變形詞語(yǔ)有了一定的了解。在后面加上 i-n-g 就是動(dòng)名詞。 不過(guò)我想提醒大家的是 ‘hijack’ 偶爾也可以作為名詞來(lái)用。請(qǐng)聽(tīng)例句:

Example

The hijack lasted for three days.

Li: The hijack lasted for three days. 劫持事情持續(xù)了三天。

好了 Wu Yi, 希望以上講解對(duì)你有幫助。學(xué)單詞歸學(xué)單詞，千萬(wàn)不要真的遇上劫持事件!現(xiàn)在我想對(duì)收音機(jī)前的聽(tīng)眾朋友說(shuō)，提問(wèn)題也是學(xué)習(xí)提高的一部分，所以我鼓勵(lì)，號(hào)召大家都來(lái)貢獻(xiàn)一個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的問(wèn)題，我們的郵箱是questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk. 謝謝大家收聽(tīng)，我們下次節(jié)目再會(huì)!

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（來(lái)源：BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué) 編輯：Julie）